Scheuermann’s Kyphosis
Understanding Scheuermann’s Kyphosis:
Scheuermann’s Kyphosis, synonymous with Scheuermann’s disease, is a spinal condition marked by an excessive upper back curvature, leading to a noticeable hunched posture. Primarily affecting adolescents aged 12 to 17, this condition often prompts parental concern due to its distinctive “hunchbacked” appearance.
Evaluation becomes essential, positioning Scheuermann’s Kyphosis as a prevalent cause of kyphotic deformity in adolescents.
Onset and Prevalence:
This condition typically emerges during adolescence, showing a higher prevalence in boys than girls. The wedge-shaped vertebrae contribute to the abnormal curvature, significantly impacting overall spine alignment.
Symptoms of Scheuermann’s Kyphosis:
- Hunched posture
- Back pain
- Difficulty standing or walking
The symptom severity varies, ranging from mild discomfort to pronounced challenges in mobility. Scheuermann’s disease in adults is observed as a consequence of non-treatment of Scheuermann’s kyphosis in adolescence.
Diagnostic Criteria and Procedures
Diagnosis is important to ascertain the most appropriate treatment approach. Typically, adolescents aged 12 to 17 years are diagnosed with this condition. Parents notice a postural deformity pain in the affected region.
Diagnostic Criteria:
Rigid hyperkyphosis exceeding 40 degrees.
Anterior wedging of ≥5 degrees in three or more adjacent vertebral bodies.
Diagnosis includes history, physical examination, and AP/lateral radiographs. Lateral radiographs are used for diagnosis; MRI is used for further evaluation or pre-operative planning (if needed).
Associated findings may include Irregular vertebral endplates, Schmorl nodes, loss of disc space height, scoliosis, spondylolysis/spondylolisthesis, and disc herniation.
Treatment Options with Dr Sherief
Dr Sherief customises treatment plans based on the severity of Scheuermann’s Kyphosis.
For mild cases, non-invasive interventions are emphasised, including:
- Targeted physical therapy to strengthen spine-supporting muscles.
- Specific exercises addressing curvature and improving flexibility.
- Pain medication for symptom management.
Severe Cases
Severe cases may require surgical intervention. Dr Sherief employs expert surgical techniques, including spinal fusion. Surgical procedures aim to correct spine curvature and enhance overall posture. Each surgery is personalised to the patient’s unique anatomical considerations, ensuring optimal outcomes.
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Seek The Expert Guidance
Scheuermann’s kyphosis, while more prevalent during adolescence, can impact individuals of all ages. Scheuermann’s disease treatment in adults, however, may be more complex.
Understanding the symptoms and available treatment options is crucial for managing this condition effectively. Whether exploring non-invasive methods or considering surgical intervention, Dr Sherief Elsayed offers expert guidance and personalised care to address Scheuermann’s kyphosis and related spinal issues in Dubai.
Book a consultation with Dr Sherief to gain a deeper understanding of Scheuermann’s kyphosis.
FAQ
Scheuermann’s kyphosis is a structural condition that develops during adolescence where vertebrae in the upper or mid-back grow into a wedge shape rather than their normal rectangular form. This creates excessive forward curvature of the spine. The exact cause isn’t fully understood, though genetics likely play a role as it tends to run in families. It’s more common in boys than girls and typically becomes apparent during teenage growth spurts. Unlike postural kyphosis from slouching, the vertebral wedging in Scheuermann’s disease is permanent once growth completes, though symptoms and progression can often be managed effectively.
Scheuermann’s kyphosis is a specific condition involving wedge-shaped vertebrae, typically with at least three adjacent vertebrae showing wedging of 5 degrees or more, visible on X-rays. The curve is rigid and cannot be voluntarily straightened. Regular postural kyphosis involves normal-shaped vertebrae with excessive rounding from poor posture, weak muscles, and slouching, and it’s flexible. Scheuermann’s often causes more pain than postural kyphosis, particularly during adolescence. It may also involve irregularities in the vertebral endplates and Schmorl’s nodes where disc material herniates into the vertebral body. Diagnosis requires X-rays to assess vertebral shape and measure the curve angle.
Progression typically occurs during adolescent growth and usually stops once skeletal maturity is reached, usually by late teens. During growth, curves can worsen, which is why monitoring is important during adolescence. After growth completion, the curve generally remains stable, though some people experience gradual worsening in adulthood due to degenerative changes or disc problems. Severe curves are more likely to progress slightly in adulthood. Regular X-rays during adolescence track progression. If the curve is worsening significantly during growth, bracing may be recommended. After maturity, most people manage well without progression, though maintaining back strength and good posture remains important.
Most cases don’t require surgery and are managed with observation, physiotherapy, and pain management. Surgery is considered for severe curves exceeding 75 to 80 degrees, progressive deformity despite bracing during adolescence, persistent severe pain unresponsive to conservative treatment, or rarely, neurological complications. The surgery involves straightening and fusing the curved portion of the spine, often requiring approaches from both the front and back. It’s major surgery with significant recovery time, so it’s reserved for severe cases. The decision balances the risks of surgery against the curve’s impact on pain, function, and quality of life. Most adolescents and adults with Scheuermann’s manage well without surgery.
Generally, yes, though recommendations depend on severity and symptoms. During adolescence, if wearing a brace, contact sports may need modification. Activities that involve repetitive flexion or heavy loading of the spine might aggravate symptoms. However, staying active is beneficial for maintaining back strength and overall health. Swimming is particularly good as it strengthens back muscles without stressing the spine. Once growth is complete and the curve is stable, most people can participate in sports and activities that they can tolerate comfortably. Building strong core and back muscles helps support the spine. The key is listening to your body and avoiding activities that cause significant pain.